There's not really much of a discussion to be had there - the Bechdel test is a useful rule, but it just doesn't always apply, and some SF is one of the areas it's just not useful. It's a simple test that can be telling, but it doesn't actually measure any more than "Does X pass the Bechdel test?" - you have to actualy discuss the piece in question to determine why it fails, and some things have legitimate reasons to fail it. A work of SF dealing with the issues you've mentioned is already at least thinking about issues of gender, which means in a sense it's passed part of what the Bechdel test makes us think about - of course, some such works fail any further examination.